Hollow Hopes, Flypaper, and Metaphors

Hollow Hopes, Flypaper, and Metaphors

Flypaper for Parasites

In this issue, Kamhawi et al. (2004) describe the identification of an insect galectin as the receptor for the stage-specific Leishmania adhesin lipophosphoglycan (LPG). This interaction is critical for parasite survival in the midgut of its sand fly vector. The results open new avenues for studies of insect immunity, transmission binding vaccines, and host-parasite coevolution.

Local Authority Grants and the Flypaper effect in England

This paper investigates the ways in which grants can be incorporated into the median voter model of local government expenditure. Grants can either be viewed as having income or price effects. Oakes suggested grants might affect the average price as perceived by the median voter. Our initial estimates seem to support this idea. However, econometric problems require a re-estimation of the model....

High Hopes and Disappointment

We study preferences for which choosing high expectations about the future make us happy now but make us unhappy later if they are not realized. These preferences generalize the recursive utility of Kreps-Porteus and Epstein-Zin. Like recursive utility agents, our agents care about the time resolution of uncertainty, but our agents are not purely forward-looking. For example, two agents with th...

The e-Theta Hopes

The largest class of hyperstructures is the Hv-structures, introduced in 1990, which proved to have a lot of applications in mathematics and several applied sciences, as well. Hyperstructures are used in the Lie-Santilli theory focusing to the hypernumbers, called e-numbers. We present the appropriate e-hyperstuctures which are defined using any map, in the sense the derivative map, called thet...